{"id":6531,"date":"2025-12-01T11:56:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/?p=6531"},"modified":"2026-01-21T11:56:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-21T09:56:43","slug":"exponatul-lunii-decembrie-2025-povestea-unui-vas-christofle-descoperit-in-mormantul-cu-oranti-de-la-tomis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/exponatul-lunii-decembrie-2025-povestea-unui-vas-christofle-descoperit-in-mormantul-cu-oranti-de-la-tomis\/","title":{"rendered":"Exponatul lunii decembrie 2025 – Povestea unui vas Christofle descoperit \u00een \u201eMorm\u00e2ntul cu oran\u021bi\u201d de la Tomis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00cen urma lucr\u0103rilor edilitare din iarna 1987\u20131988, \u00een zona sud-vestic\u0103 a Constan\u021bei, l\u00e2ng\u0103 actualul Hotel Maria, au fost identificate peste o sut\u0103 de morminte care au l\u0103rgit considerabil aria cunoscut\u0103 a necropolei romane de la Tomis.[1]<\/a> Printre acestea s-a remarcat un hipogeu pictat, descoperit \u00een cadrul unei interven\u021bii de salvare desf\u0103\u0219urate \u00een condi\u021bii dificile. Monumentul este alc\u0103tuit dintr-o camer\u0103 funerar\u0103 (6,15 \u00d7 3,90 m; h. 2,90 m) precedat\u0103 de un dromos \u00een unghi, accesibil prin trepte de calcar. Pere\u021bii, construi\u021bi din piatr\u0103 legat\u0103 cu mortar specific epocii romane t\u00e2rzii, se p\u0103streaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 2,25\u20132,90 m \u0219i indic\u0103 existen\u021ba unei bol\u021bi pr\u0103bu\u0219ite. Inventarul funerar, modest \u0219i fragmentar (amfore, ceramic\u0103, sticl\u0103, marmur\u0103, monede de bronz, resturi osteologice), permite datarea complexului \u00eentre secolele IV\u2013VI p. Chr.[2]<\/a> (Fig. 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unicul artefact p\u0103strat integral este un vas miniatural din bronz argintat cu interior aurit, descoperit pe prima treapt\u0103 a dromosului, la -1,45 m ad\u00e2ncime. Cu dimensiuni reduse \u0219i trei picioare scurte, piesa prezint\u0103 urme de coroziune accentuate \u0219i, mai important, o \u0219tampil\u0103 \u00een relief deteriorat\u0103 deliberat din care se disting doar literele \u201eSTO\u201d (Fig.2). Aceast\u0103 incizare inten\u021bionat\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu ritualul funerar roman, sugereaz\u0103 o interven\u021bie modern\u0103, menit\u0103 probabil s\u0103 mascheze originea obiectului. Caracteristicile paleografice ale marcajului, al\u0103turi de urma de aurire \u0219i fragmente osoase de pas\u0103re aflate la interior (posibil\u0103 ofrand\u0103 ulterioar\u0103), indic\u0103 intruziunea piesei \u00eentr-o faz\u0103 post-roman\u0103.[3]<\/a>Analiza litera\u021biei permite asocierea cu produc\u0103torul francez de prestigiu Christofle[4]<\/a>, activ din 1830, celebru pentru introducerea galvaniz\u0103rii cu argint \u00een anii 1840. Evolu\u021bia marcajelor sale, de la \u0219tampila cu balan\u021b\u0103 (1844\u20131935) la simbolul cavalerului de \u0219ah \u0219i ini\u021bialele \u201eOC\u201d (dup\u0103 1935), p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u0219tampila cu numele companiei, ofer\u0103 un reper cronologic sigur.[5]<\/a> (Fig. 3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coroborarea datelor stratigrafice, tipologice \u0219i istorice sus\u021bine ideea unei intruziuni din secolul al XIX-lea, \u00eentr-un moment de intens\u0103 urbanizare a Constan\u021bei \u0219i de contact cu comunit\u0103\u021bi occidentale. Astfel, vasul nu apar\u021bine inventarului funerar roman, ci reflect\u0103 un episod de reutilizare sau perturbare t\u00e2rzie a hipogeului. Aceast\u0103 intrare accidental\u0103 ilustreaz\u0103 \u201ebiografia\u201d complexului funerar, un monument folosit, modificat \u0219i reinterpretat de-a lungul a aproape dou\u0103 milenii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ingrid Petcu Levei, arheolog MINAC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Story of a Christofle Vessel Discovered in the Orants Tomb at Tomis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following the urban development works carried out in the winter of 1987\u20131988, in the south-western part of Constan\u021ba, near the present-day Hotel Maria, more than one hundred graves were discovered, significantly extending the known area of the Roman necropolis of Tomis[6]<\/a>. Among them, a painted hypogeum stood out, brought to light through an emergency rescue excavation undertaken in challenging conditions. The monument consists of a funerary chamber (6.15 \u00d7 3.90 m; h. 2.90 m), preceded by an angled dromos with limestone steps providing access. The walls, built of small and medium-sized stones bonded with mortar characteristic of the Late Roman period, are preserved up to 2.25\u20132.90 m in height and indicate the presence of a collapsed vault. The modest and fragmentary funerary inventory comprising amphorae, pottery, glass, marble, bronze coins, and osteological remains allows the complex to be dated between the 4th<\/sup> and 6th<\/sup> centuries AD.[7]<\/a> (Fig. 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The only completely preserved artifact is a miniature silver-plated bronze vessel with a gilded interior, discovered on the first step of the dromos at a depth of \u20131.45 m. With small dimensions and three short feet, the piece shows advanced corrosion and, most importantly, a deliberately damaged relief stamp, from which only the letters \u201cSTO\u201d remain visible (Fig.2). This intentional incision, unrelated to Roman funerary practices, suggests a modern intervention likely aimed at concealing the object\u2019s origin. The paleographic features of the mark, together with traces of gilding and bird bone fragments inside the vessel (possibly a later offering), indicate a post-Roman intrusion.[8]<\/a> The lettering analysis enables an association with the prestigious French manufacturer Christofle,[9]<\/a> active since 1830 and renowned for introducing silver-plating techniques (galvanisation) in the 1840s. The evolution of its hallmarks from the scales stamp (1844\u20131935) to the chess knight accompanied by the initials \u201cOC\u201d (after 1935), up to the stamp bearing the company\u2019s name, provides a secure chronological framework.[10]<\/a> (Fig. 3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Correlating stratigraphic, typological, and historical data strongly supports the hypothesis of an intrusion from the 19th<\/sup> century, during a period of intense urbanization in Constan\u021ba and increased contact with Western communities. The vessel therefore cannot be linked to the primary Roman funerary inventory; instead, it reflects a late episode of reuse or disturbance of the hypogeum. This accidental intrusion sheds light on the \u201cbiography\u201d of the funerary complex a monument used, altered, and reinterpreted over nearly two millennia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                                                     Ingrid Petcu Levei, arheolog MINAC<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bibliografie<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barbet, Bucoval\u0103 1996 \u2013 Alix Barbet, Mihai Bucoval\u0103, L’hypog\u00e9e pal\u00e9ochr\u00e9tien des Orants \u00e0 Costan\u0163a (Roumanie), l’ancienne Tomis<\/em>, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bucoval\u0103, Pa\u0219ca 1991 – Mihai Bucoval\u0103, Cecilia Pa\u015fca \u2013 Descoperiri recente \u00een necropola roman\u0103 de sud-vest a Tomisului<\/em><\/a>, Pontica, XXIV, 1991, 185-236.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linkuri<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/eu_en\/maison-christofle.html<\/a> 30.11.2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/us_en\/our-maison\/christofle-a-collection-of-hallmarks 30.11.2025<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Legenda<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fig. 1. Morm\u00e2ntul cu oran\u021bi de la Tomis. The Orants Tomb of Tomis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fig. 2. Vas de bronz argintat descoperit la Tomis \u00een morm\u00e2ntul cu oran\u021bi. Silver-plated bronze vessel discovered at Tomis, in the tomb with orants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fig. 3. Analogie vas. Analogy of the vessel. https:\/\/www.bayrakmuzayede.com\/christofle-damgali-cift-sosluk18986.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a>[1] Bucoval\u0103, Pa\u0219ca 1991, p. 185-236.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> Barbet, Bucoval\u0103 1996, p. 105-158.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Barbet, Bucoval\u0103 1996, p. 122.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/eu_en\/maison-christofle.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/us_en\/our-maison\/christofle-a-collection-of-hallmarks<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Bucoval\u0103, Pa\u0219ca 1991, p. 185-236.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> Barbet, Bucoval\u0103 1996, p. 105-158.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> Barbet, Bucoval\u0103 1996, p. 122.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/eu_en\/maison-christofle.html<\/a> 30.11.2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> https:\/\/www.christofle.com\/us_en\/our-maison\/christofle-a-collection-of-hallmarks<\/a>  30.11.2025<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cen urma lucr\u0103rilor edilitare din iarna 1987\u20131988, \u00een zona sud-vestic\u0103 a Constan\u021bei, l\u00e2ng\u0103 actualul Hotel Maria, au fost identificate peste o sut\u0103 de morminte care au l\u0103rgit considerabil aria cunoscut\u0103 a necropolei romane de la Tomis.[1] Printre acestea s-a remarcat un hipogeu pictat, descoperit \u00een cadrul unei interven\u021bii de salvare desf\u0103\u0219urate \u00een condi\u021bii dificile. Monumentul […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6521,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-exponatul-lunii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6531"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6532,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6531\/revisions\/6532"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minac.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}